R1-1: test an App Store subscription renewal through issueBadge, including
a charge recorded before its period starts and granted later under the
same charge id.
R1-2: make the ledger's charge_id index unique, so the schema itself grants
each store charge at most once.
R1-3: pin that a charge on a plan the catalog does not sell, with an empty
period, is pending at purchase and recorded at renewal, never internal.
Run: 001-badge-subscriptions, review round 1