fix(ci): restore Linux runner labels and action versions

The previous commit accidentally downgraded action versions (v5/v6 → v4) and removed the Linux label from self-hosted runner selectors. This caused Windows runners to pick up jobs with bash syntax, failing with PowerShell parse errors (Missing '(' after 'if' in if statement). Fixes: - Restore runs-on: [self-hosted, Linux] for all self-hosted jobs - Restore actions/checkout@v5, setup-go@v6, setup-node@v5 - Restore actions/upload-artifact@v5, download-artifact@v5
perf: speed up frontend coverage tests (~3x faster)
2026-03-30 17:05:58 +00:00 · 2026-03-29 15:39:46 +00:00 · 2026-03-29 14:35:05 +00:00 · 2026-03-29 14:20:22 +00:00
9 changed files with 4752 additions and 5003 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Set up Go 1.22
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version: '1.22'
          cache-dependency-path: |
@@ -122,9 +122,16 @@ jobs:
          echo "| Server | ${SERVER_COV}% |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
          echo "| Ingestor | ${INGESTOR_COV}% |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY

+      - name: Cancel workflow on failure
+        if: failure()
+        run: |
+          curl -s -X POST \
+            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ github.token }}" \
+            "https://api.github.com/repos/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}/cancel"
+
      - name: Upload Go coverage badges
        if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: go-badges
          path: .badges/go-*.json
@@ -136,15 +143,15 @@ jobs:
  # ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  node-test:
    name: "🧪 Node.js Tests"
-    runs-on: self-hosted
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, Linux]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          fetch-depth: 2

      - name: Set up Node.js 22
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
        with:
          node-version: '22'

@@ -190,7 +197,11 @@ jobs:

      - name: Install Playwright browser
        if: steps.changes.outputs.frontend == 'true'
-        run: npx playwright install chromium --with-deps 2>/dev/null || true
+        run: |
+          # Install chromium (skips download if already cached on self-hosted runner)
+          npx playwright install chromium 2>/dev/null || true
+          # Install system deps only if missing (apt-get is slow)
+          npx playwright install-deps chromium 2>/dev/null || true

      - name: Instrument frontend JS for coverage
        if: steps.changes.outputs.frontend == 'true'
@@ -220,19 +231,32 @@ jobs:
            sleep 1
          done

-      - name: Run Playwright E2E tests
+      - name: Run Playwright E2E + coverage collection concurrently
        if: steps.changes.outputs.frontend == 'true'
-        run: BASE_URL=http://localhost:13581 node test-e2e-playwright.js 2>&1 | tee e2e-output.txt
+        run: |
+          # Run E2E tests and coverage collection in parallel — both use the same server
+          BASE_URL=http://localhost:13581 node test-e2e-playwright.js 2>&1 | tee e2e-output.txt &
+          E2E_PID=$!
+          BASE_URL=http://localhost:13581 node scripts/collect-frontend-coverage.js 2>&1 | tee fe-coverage-output.txt &
+          COV_PID=$!

-      - name: Collect frontend coverage report
+          # Wait for both — E2E must pass, coverage is best-effort
+          E2E_EXIT=0
+          wait $E2E_PID || E2E_EXIT=$?
+          wait $COV_PID || true
+
+          # Fail if E2E failed
+          [ $E2E_EXIT -ne 0 ] && exit $E2E_EXIT
+          true
+
+      - name: Generate frontend coverage badges
        if: always() && steps.changes.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: |
-          BASE_URL=http://localhost:13581 node scripts/collect-frontend-coverage.js 2>&1 | tee fe-coverage-output.txt
-          
          E2E_PASS=$(grep -oP '[0-9]+(?=/)' e2e-output.txt | tail -1)
          
          mkdir -p .badges
-          if [ -f .nyc_output/frontend-coverage.json ]; then
+          # Merge E2E + coverage collector data if both exist
+          if [ -f .nyc_output/frontend-coverage.json ] || [ -f .nyc_output/e2e-coverage.json ]; then
            npx nyc report --reporter=text-summary --reporter=text 2>&1 | tee fe-report.txt
            FE_COVERAGE=$(grep 'Statements' fe-report.txt | head -1 | grep -oP '[\d.]+(?=%)' || echo "0")
            FE_COVERAGE=${FE_COVERAGE:-0}
@@ -259,13 +283,24 @@ jobs:
          fuser -k 13581/tcp 2>/dev/null || true
          PORT=13581 node server.js &
          SERVER_PID=$!
-          sleep 5
+          # Wait for server to be ready (up to 15s)
+          for i in $(seq 1 15); do
+            curl -sf http://localhost:13581/api/stats > /dev/null 2>&1 && break
+            sleep 1
+          done
          BASE_URL=http://localhost:13581 node test-e2e-playwright.js || true
          kill $SERVER_PID 2>/dev/null || true

+      - name: Cancel workflow on failure
+        if: failure()
+        run: |
+          curl -s -X POST \
+            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ github.token }}" \
+            "https://api.github.com/repos/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}/cancel"
+
      - name: Upload Node.js test badges
        if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: node-badges
          path: .badges/
@@ -278,14 +313,14 @@ jobs:
  build:
    name: "🏗️ Build Docker Image"
    if: github.event_name == 'push'
-    needs: [go-test]
-    runs-on: self-hosted
+    needs: [go-test, node-test]
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, Linux]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Set up Node.js 22
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
        with:
          node-version: '22'

@@ -304,10 +339,10 @@ jobs:
    name: "🚀 Deploy Staging"
    if: github.event_name == 'push'
    needs: [build]
-    runs-on: self-hosted
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, Linux]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Start staging on port 82
        run: |
@@ -349,21 +384,21 @@ jobs:
    name: "📝 Publish Badges & Summary"
    if: github.event_name == 'push'
    needs: [deploy]
-    runs-on: self-hosted
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, Linux]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Download Go coverage badges
        continue-on-error: true
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: go-badges
          path: .badges/

      - name: Download Node.js test badges
        continue-on-error: true
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: node-badges
          path: .badges/
--- a/cmd/server/coverage_test.go
+++ b/cmd/server/coverage_test.go
--- a/cmd/server/db_test.go
+++ b/cmd/server/db_test.go
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ func setupTestDB(t *testing.T) *DB {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	// Force single connection so all goroutines share the same in-memory DB
-	conn.SetMaxOpenConns(1)

 	// Create schema matching MeshCore Analyzer v3
 	schema := `
--- a/cmd/server/parity_test.go
+++ b/cmd/server/parity_test.go
@@ -1,506 +1,403 @@
-package main
-
-// parity_test.go — Golden fixture shape tests.
-// Validates that Go API responses match the shape of Node.js API responses.
-// Shapes were captured from the production Node.js server and stored in
-// testdata/golden/shapes.json.
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http/httptest"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"runtime"
-	"sort"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-)
-
-// shapeSpec describes the expected JSON structure from the Node.js server.
-type shapeSpec struct {
-	Type         string               `json:"type"`
-	Keys         map[string]shapeSpec `json:"keys,omitempty"`
-	ElementShape *shapeSpec           `json:"elementShape,omitempty"`
-	DynamicKeys  bool                 `json:"dynamicKeys,omitempty"`
-	ValueShape   *shapeSpec           `json:"valueShape,omitempty"`
-	RequiredKeys map[string]shapeSpec `json:"requiredKeys,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// loadShapes reads testdata/golden/shapes.json relative to this source file.
-func loadShapes(t *testing.T) map[string]shapeSpec {
-	t.Helper()
-	_, thisFile, _, _ := runtime.Caller(0)
-	dir := filepath.Dir(thisFile)
-	data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "testdata", "golden", "shapes.json"))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("cannot load shapes.json: %v", err)
-	}
-	var shapes map[string]shapeSpec
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &shapes); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("cannot parse shapes.json: %v", err)
-	}
-	return shapes
-}
-
-// validateShape recursively checks that `actual` matches the expected `spec`.
-// `path` tracks the JSON path for error messages.
-// Returns a list of mismatch descriptions.
-func validateShape(actual interface{}, spec shapeSpec, path string) []string {
-	var errs []string
-
-	switch spec.Type {
-	case "null", "nullable":
-		// nullable means: value can be null OR matching type. Accept anything.
-		return nil
-	case "nullable_number":
-		// Can be null or number
-		if actual != nil {
-			if _, ok := actual.(float64); !ok {
-				errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected number or null, got %T", path, actual))
-			}
-		}
-		return errs
-	case "string":
-		if actual == nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected string, got null", path))
-		} else if _, ok := actual.(string); !ok {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected string, got %T", path, actual))
-		}
-	case "number":
-		if actual == nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected number, got null", path))
-		} else if _, ok := actual.(float64); !ok {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected number, got %T (%v)", path, actual, actual))
-		}
-	case "boolean":
-		if actual == nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected boolean, got null", path))
-		} else if _, ok := actual.(bool); !ok {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected boolean, got %T", path, actual))
-		}
-	case "array":
-		if actual == nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected array, got null (arrays must be [] not null)", path))
-			return errs
-		}
-		arr, ok := actual.([]interface{})
-		if !ok {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected array, got %T", path, actual))
-			return errs
-		}
-		if spec.ElementShape != nil && len(arr) > 0 {
-			errs = append(errs, validateShape(arr[0], *spec.ElementShape, path+"[0]")...)
-		}
-	case "object":
-		if actual == nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected object, got null", path))
-			return errs
-		}
-		obj, ok := actual.(map[string]interface{})
-		if !ok {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected object, got %T", path, actual))
-			return errs
-		}
-
-		if spec.DynamicKeys {
-			// Object with dynamic keys — validate value shapes
-			if spec.ValueShape != nil && len(obj) > 0 {
-				for k, v := range obj {
-					errs = append(errs, validateShape(v, *spec.ValueShape, path+"."+k)...)
-					break // check just one sample
-				}
-			}
-			if spec.RequiredKeys != nil {
-				for rk, rs := range spec.RequiredKeys {
-					v, exists := obj[rk]
-					if !exists {
-						errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: missing required key %q in dynamic-key object", path, rk))
-					} else {
-						errs = append(errs, validateShape(v, rs, path+"."+rk)...)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		} else if spec.Keys != nil {
-			// Object with known keys — check each expected key exists and has correct type
-			for key, keySpec := range spec.Keys {
-				val, exists := obj[key]
-				if !exists {
-					errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: missing field %q (expected %s)", path, key, keySpec.Type))
-				} else {
-					errs = append(errs, validateShape(val, keySpec, path+"."+key)...)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return errs
-}
-
-// parityEndpoint defines one endpoint to test for parity.
-type parityEndpoint struct {
-	name string // key in shapes.json
-	path string // HTTP path to request
-}
-
-func TestParityShapes(t *testing.T) {
-	shapes := loadShapes(t)
-	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
-
-	endpoints := []parityEndpoint{
-		{"stats", "/api/stats"},
-		{"nodes", "/api/nodes?limit=5"},
-		{"packets", "/api/packets?limit=5"},
-		{"packets_grouped", "/api/packets?limit=5&groupByHash=true"},
-		{"observers", "/api/observers"},
-		{"channels", "/api/channels"},
-		{"channel_messages", "/api/channels/0000000000000000/messages?limit=5"},
-		{"analytics_rf", "/api/analytics/rf?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_topology", "/api/analytics/topology?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_hash_sizes", "/api/analytics/hash-sizes?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_distance", "/api/analytics/distance?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_subpaths", "/api/analytics/subpaths?days=7"},
-		{"bulk_health", "/api/nodes/bulk-health"},
-		{"health", "/api/health"},
-		{"perf", "/api/perf"},
-	}
-
-	for _, ep := range endpoints {
-		t.Run("Parity_"+ep.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			spec, ok := shapes[ep.name]
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("no shape spec found for %q in shapes.json", ep.name)
-			}
-
-			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", ep.path, nil)
-			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
-			router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
-
-			if w.Code != 200 {
-				t.Fatalf("GET %s returned %d, expected 200. Body: %s",
-					ep.path, w.Code, w.Body.String())
-			}
-
-			var body interface{}
-			if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body); err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("GET %s returned invalid JSON: %v\nBody: %s",
-					ep.path, err, w.Body.String())
-			}
-
-			mismatches := validateShape(body, spec, ep.path)
-			if len(mismatches) > 0 {
-				t.Errorf("Go %s has %d shape mismatches vs Node.js golden:\n  %s",
-					ep.path, len(mismatches), strings.Join(mismatches, "\n  "))
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// TestParityNodeDetail tests node detail endpoint shape.
-// Uses a known test node public key from seeded data.
-func TestParityNodeDetail(t *testing.T) {
-	shapes := loadShapes(t)
-	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
-
-	spec, ok := shapes["node_detail"]
-	if !ok {
-		t.Fatal("no shape spec for node_detail in shapes.json")
-	}
-
-	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/api/nodes/aabbccdd11223344", nil)
-	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
-	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
-
-	if w.Code != 200 {
-		t.Fatalf("node detail returned %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
-	}
-
-	var body interface{}
-	json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
-
-	mismatches := validateShape(body, spec, "/api/nodes/{pubkey}")
-	if len(mismatches) > 0 {
-		t.Errorf("Go node detail has %d shape mismatches vs Node.js golden:\n  %s",
-			len(mismatches), strings.Join(mismatches, "\n  "))
-	}
-}
-
-// TestParityArraysNotNull verifies that array-typed fields in Go responses are
-// [] (empty array) rather than null. This is a common Go/JSON pitfall where
-// nil slices marshal as null instead of [].
-// Uses shapes.json to know which fields SHOULD be arrays.
-func TestParityArraysNotNull(t *testing.T) {
-	shapes := loadShapes(t)
-	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
-
-	endpoints := []struct {
-		name string
-		path string
-	}{
-		{"stats", "/api/stats"},
-		{"nodes", "/api/nodes?limit=5"},
-		{"packets", "/api/packets?limit=5"},
-		{"packets_grouped", "/api/packets?limit=5&groupByHash=true"},
-		{"observers", "/api/observers"},
-		{"channels", "/api/channels"},
-		{"bulk_health", "/api/nodes/bulk-health"},
-		{"analytics_rf", "/api/analytics/rf?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_topology", "/api/analytics/topology?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_hash_sizes", "/api/analytics/hash-sizes?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_distance", "/api/analytics/distance?days=7"},
-		{"analytics_subpaths", "/api/analytics/subpaths?days=7"},
-	}
-
-	for _, ep := range endpoints {
-		t.Run("NullArrayCheck_"+ep.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			spec, ok := shapes[ep.name]
-			if !ok {
-				t.Skipf("no shape spec for %s", ep.name)
-			}
-
-			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", ep.path, nil)
-			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
-			router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
-
-			if w.Code != 200 {
-				t.Skipf("GET %s returned %d, skipping null-array check", ep.path, w.Code)
-			}
-
-			var body interface{}
-			json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
-
-			nullArrays := findNullArrays(body, spec, ep.path)
-			if len(nullArrays) > 0 {
-				t.Errorf("Go %s has null where [] expected:\n  %s\n"+
-					"Go nil slices marshal as null — initialize with make() or literal",
-					ep.path, strings.Join(nullArrays, "\n  "))
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// findNullArrays walks JSON data alongside a shape spec and returns paths
-// where the spec says the field should be an array but Go returned null.
-func findNullArrays(actual interface{}, spec shapeSpec, path string) []string {
-	var nulls []string
-
-	switch spec.Type {
-	case "array":
-		if actual == nil {
-			nulls = append(nulls, fmt.Sprintf("%s: null (should be [])", path))
-		} else if arr, ok := actual.([]interface{}); ok && spec.ElementShape != nil {
-			for i, elem := range arr {
-				nulls = append(nulls, findNullArrays(elem, *spec.ElementShape, fmt.Sprintf("%s[%d]", path, i))...)
-			}
-		}
-	case "object":
-		obj, ok := actual.(map[string]interface{})
-		if !ok || obj == nil {
-			return nulls
-		}
-		if spec.Keys != nil {
-			for key, keySpec := range spec.Keys {
-				if val, exists := obj[key]; exists {
-					nulls = append(nulls, findNullArrays(val, keySpec, path+"."+key)...)
-				} else if keySpec.Type == "array" {
-					// Key missing entirely — also a null-array problem
-					nulls = append(nulls, fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s: missing (should be [])", path, key))
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if spec.DynamicKeys && spec.ValueShape != nil {
-			for k, v := range obj {
-				nulls = append(nulls, findNullArrays(v, *spec.ValueShape, path+"."+k)...)
-				break // sample one
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nulls
-}
-
-// TestParityHealthEngine verifies Go health endpoint declares engine=go
-// while Node declares engine=node (or omits it). The Go server must always
-// identify itself.
-func TestParityHealthEngine(t *testing.T) {
-	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
-
-	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/api/health", nil)
-	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
-	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
-
-	var body map[string]interface{}
-	json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
-
-	engine, ok := body["engine"]
-	if !ok {
-		t.Error("health response missing 'engine' field (Go server must include engine=go)")
-	} else if engine != "go" {
-		t.Errorf("health engine=%v, expected 'go'", engine)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestValidateShapeFunction directly tests the shape validator itself.
-func TestValidateShapeFunction(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("string match", func(t *testing.T) {
-		errs := validateShape("hello", shapeSpec{Type: "string"}, "$.x")
-		if len(errs) != 0 {
-			t.Errorf("unexpected errors: %v", errs)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("string mismatch", func(t *testing.T) {
-		errs := validateShape(42.0, shapeSpec{Type: "string"}, "$.x")
-		if len(errs) != 1 {
-			t.Errorf("expected 1 error, got %d: %v", len(errs), errs)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("null array rejected", func(t *testing.T) {
-		errs := validateShape(nil, shapeSpec{Type: "array"}, "$.arr")
-		if len(errs) != 1 || !strings.Contains(errs[0], "null") {
-			t.Errorf("expected null-array error, got: %v", errs)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("empty array OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		errs := validateShape([]interface{}{}, shapeSpec{Type: "array"}, "$.arr")
-		if len(errs) != 0 {
-			t.Errorf("unexpected errors for empty array: %v", errs)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("missing object key", func(t *testing.T) {
-		spec := shapeSpec{Type: "object", Keys: map[string]shapeSpec{
-			"name": {Type: "string"},
-			"age":  {Type: "number"},
-		}}
-		obj := map[string]interface{}{"name": "test"}
-		errs := validateShape(obj, spec, "$.user")
-		if len(errs) != 1 || !strings.Contains(errs[0], "age") {
-			t.Errorf("expected missing age error, got: %v", errs)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("nullable allows null", func(t *testing.T) {
-		errs := validateShape(nil, shapeSpec{Type: "nullable"}, "$.x")
-		if len(errs) != 0 {
-			t.Errorf("nullable should accept null: %v", errs)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("dynamic keys validates value shape", func(t *testing.T) {
-		spec := shapeSpec{
-			Type:        "object",
-			DynamicKeys: true,
-			ValueShape:  &shapeSpec{Type: "number"},
-		}
-		obj := map[string]interface{}{"a": 1.0, "b": 2.0}
-		errs := validateShape(obj, spec, "$.dyn")
-		if len(errs) != 0 {
-			t.Errorf("unexpected errors: %v", errs)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestParityWSMultiObserverGolden(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupTestDB(t)
-	defer db.Close()
-	seedTestData(t, db)
-	hub := NewHub()
-	store := NewPacketStore(db)
-	if err := store.Load(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("store load failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	poller := NewPoller(db, hub, 50*time.Millisecond)
-	poller.store = store
-
-	client := &Client{send: make(chan []byte, 256)}
-	hub.Register(client)
-	defer hub.Unregister(client)
-
-	go poller.Start()
-	defer poller.Stop()
-
-	// Wait for poller to initialize its lastID/lastObsID cursors before
-	// inserting new data; otherwise the poller may snapshot a lastID that
-	// already includes the test data and never broadcast it.
-	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
-
-	now := time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
-	if _, err := db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO transmissions (raw_hex, hash, first_seen, route_type, payload_type, decoded_json)
-		VALUES ('BEEF', 'goldenstarburst237', ?, 1, 4, '{"pubKey":"aabbccdd11223344","type":"ADVERT"}')`, now); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("insert tx failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	var txID int
-	if err := db.conn.QueryRow(`SELECT id FROM transmissions WHERE hash='goldenstarburst237'`).Scan(&txID); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("query tx id failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	ts := time.Now().Unix()
-	if _, err := db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO observations (transmission_id, observer_idx, snr, rssi, path_json, timestamp)
-		VALUES (?, 1, 11.0, -88, '["p1"]', ?),
-		       (?, 2, 9.0, -92, '["p1","p2"]', ?),
-		       (?, 1, 7.0, -96, '["p1","p2","p3"]', ?)`,
-		txID, ts, txID, ts+1, txID, ts+2); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("insert obs failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	type golden struct {
-		Hash        string
-		Count       int
-		Paths       []string
-		ObserverIDs []string
-	}
-	expected := golden{
-		Hash:        "goldenstarburst237",
-		Count:       3,
-		Paths:       []string{`["p1"]`, `["p1","p2"]`, `["p1","p2","p3"]`},
-		ObserverIDs: []string{"obs1", "obs2"},
-	}
-
-	gotPaths := make([]string, 0, expected.Count)
-	gotObservers := make(map[string]bool)
-	deadline := time.After(2 * time.Second)
-	for len(gotPaths) < expected.Count {
-		select {
-		case raw := <-client.send:
-			var msg map[string]interface{}
-			if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &msg); err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("unmarshal ws message failed: %v", err)
-			}
-			if msg["type"] != "packet" {
-				continue
-			}
-			data, _ := msg["data"].(map[string]interface{})
-			if data == nil || data["hash"] != expected.Hash {
-				continue
-			}
-			if path, ok := data["path_json"].(string); ok {
-				gotPaths = append(gotPaths, path)
-			}
-			if oid, ok := data["observer_id"].(string); ok && oid != "" {
-				gotObservers[oid] = true
-			}
-		case <-deadline:
-			t.Fatalf("timed out waiting for %d ws messages, got %d", expected.Count, len(gotPaths))
-		}
-	}
-
-	sort.Strings(gotPaths)
-	sort.Strings(expected.Paths)
-	if len(gotPaths) != len(expected.Paths) {
-		t.Fatalf("path count mismatch: got %d want %d", len(gotPaths), len(expected.Paths))
-	}
-	for i := range expected.Paths {
-		if gotPaths[i] != expected.Paths[i] {
-			t.Fatalf("path mismatch at %d: got %q want %q", i, gotPaths[i], expected.Paths[i])
-		}
-	}
-	for _, oid := range expected.ObserverIDs {
-		if !gotObservers[oid] {
-			t.Fatalf("missing expected observer %q in ws messages", oid)
-		}
-	}
-}
+package main
+
+// parity_test.go — Golden fixture shape tests.
+// Validates that Go API responses match the shape of Node.js API responses.
+// Shapes were captured from the production Node.js server and stored in
+// testdata/golden/shapes.json.
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// shapeSpec describes the expected JSON structure from the Node.js server.
+type shapeSpec struct {
+	Type        string               `json:"type"`
+	Keys        map[string]shapeSpec `json:"keys,omitempty"`
+	ElementShape *shapeSpec           `json:"elementShape,omitempty"`
+	DynamicKeys  bool                 `json:"dynamicKeys,omitempty"`
+	ValueShape   *shapeSpec           `json:"valueShape,omitempty"`
+	RequiredKeys map[string]shapeSpec `json:"requiredKeys,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// loadShapes reads testdata/golden/shapes.json relative to this source file.
+func loadShapes(t *testing.T) map[string]shapeSpec {
+	t.Helper()
+	_, thisFile, _, _ := runtime.Caller(0)
+	dir := filepath.Dir(thisFile)
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "testdata", "golden", "shapes.json"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("cannot load shapes.json: %v", err)
+	}
+	var shapes map[string]shapeSpec
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &shapes); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("cannot parse shapes.json: %v", err)
+	}
+	return shapes
+}
+
+// validateShape recursively checks that `actual` matches the expected `spec`.
+// `path` tracks the JSON path for error messages.
+// Returns a list of mismatch descriptions.
+func validateShape(actual interface{}, spec shapeSpec, path string) []string {
+	var errs []string
+
+	switch spec.Type {
+	case "null", "nullable":
+		// nullable means: value can be null OR matching type. Accept anything.
+		return nil
+	case "nullable_number":
+		// Can be null or number
+		if actual != nil {
+			if _, ok := actual.(float64); !ok {
+				errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected number or null, got %T", path, actual))
+			}
+		}
+		return errs
+	case "string":
+		if actual == nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected string, got null", path))
+		} else if _, ok := actual.(string); !ok {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected string, got %T", path, actual))
+		}
+	case "number":
+		if actual == nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected number, got null", path))
+		} else if _, ok := actual.(float64); !ok {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected number, got %T (%v)", path, actual, actual))
+		}
+	case "boolean":
+		if actual == nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected boolean, got null", path))
+		} else if _, ok := actual.(bool); !ok {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected boolean, got %T", path, actual))
+		}
+	case "array":
+		if actual == nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected array, got null (arrays must be [] not null)", path))
+			return errs
+		}
+		arr, ok := actual.([]interface{})
+		if !ok {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected array, got %T", path, actual))
+			return errs
+		}
+		if spec.ElementShape != nil && len(arr) > 0 {
+			errs = append(errs, validateShape(arr[0], *spec.ElementShape, path+"[0]")...)
+		}
+	case "object":
+		if actual == nil {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected object, got null", path))
+			return errs
+		}
+		obj, ok := actual.(map[string]interface{})
+		if !ok {
+			errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected object, got %T", path, actual))
+			return errs
+		}
+
+		if spec.DynamicKeys {
+			// Object with dynamic keys — validate value shapes
+			if spec.ValueShape != nil && len(obj) > 0 {
+				for k, v := range obj {
+					errs = append(errs, validateShape(v, *spec.ValueShape, path+"."+k)...)
+					break // check just one sample
+				}
+			}
+			if spec.RequiredKeys != nil {
+				for rk, rs := range spec.RequiredKeys {
+					v, exists := obj[rk]
+					if !exists {
+						errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: missing required key %q in dynamic-key object", path, rk))
+					} else {
+						errs = append(errs, validateShape(v, rs, path+"."+rk)...)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		} else if spec.Keys != nil {
+			// Object with known keys — check each expected key exists and has correct type
+			for key, keySpec := range spec.Keys {
+				val, exists := obj[key]
+				if !exists {
+					errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: missing field %q (expected %s)", path, key, keySpec.Type))
+				} else {
+					errs = append(errs, validateShape(val, keySpec, path+"."+key)...)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return errs
+}
+
+// parityEndpoint defines one endpoint to test for parity.
+type parityEndpoint struct {
+	name     string // key in shapes.json
+	path     string // HTTP path to request
+}
+
+func TestParityShapes(t *testing.T) {
+	shapes := loadShapes(t)
+	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
+
+	endpoints := []parityEndpoint{
+		{"stats", "/api/stats"},
+		{"nodes", "/api/nodes?limit=5"},
+		{"packets", "/api/packets?limit=5"},
+		{"packets_grouped", "/api/packets?limit=5&groupByHash=true"},
+		{"observers", "/api/observers"},
+		{"channels", "/api/channels"},
+		{"channel_messages", "/api/channels/0000000000000000/messages?limit=5"},
+		{"analytics_rf", "/api/analytics/rf?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_topology", "/api/analytics/topology?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_hash_sizes", "/api/analytics/hash-sizes?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_distance", "/api/analytics/distance?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_subpaths", "/api/analytics/subpaths?days=7"},
+		{"bulk_health", "/api/nodes/bulk-health"},
+		{"health", "/api/health"},
+		{"perf", "/api/perf"},
+	}
+
+	for _, ep := range endpoints {
+		t.Run("Parity_"+ep.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			spec, ok := shapes[ep.name]
+			if !ok {
+				t.Fatalf("no shape spec found for %q in shapes.json", ep.name)
+			}
+
+			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", ep.path, nil)
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+			if w.Code != 200 {
+				t.Fatalf("GET %s returned %d, expected 200. Body: %s",
+					ep.path, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+			}
+
+			var body interface{}
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("GET %s returned invalid JSON: %v\nBody: %s",
+					ep.path, err, w.Body.String())
+			}
+
+			mismatches := validateShape(body, spec, ep.path)
+			if len(mismatches) > 0 {
+				t.Errorf("Go %s has %d shape mismatches vs Node.js golden:\n  %s",
+					ep.path, len(mismatches), strings.Join(mismatches, "\n  "))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestParityNodeDetail tests node detail endpoint shape.
+// Uses a known test node public key from seeded data.
+func TestParityNodeDetail(t *testing.T) {
+	shapes := loadShapes(t)
+	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
+
+	spec, ok := shapes["node_detail"]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("no shape spec for node_detail in shapes.json")
+	}
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/api/nodes/aabbccdd11223344", nil)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != 200 {
+		t.Fatalf("node detail returned %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	var body interface{}
+	json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
+
+	mismatches := validateShape(body, spec, "/api/nodes/{pubkey}")
+	if len(mismatches) > 0 {
+		t.Errorf("Go node detail has %d shape mismatches vs Node.js golden:\n  %s",
+			len(mismatches), strings.Join(mismatches, "\n  "))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestParityArraysNotNull verifies that array-typed fields in Go responses are
+// [] (empty array) rather than null. This is a common Go/JSON pitfall where
+// nil slices marshal as null instead of [].
+// Uses shapes.json to know which fields SHOULD be arrays.
+func TestParityArraysNotNull(t *testing.T) {
+	shapes := loadShapes(t)
+	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
+
+	endpoints := []struct {
+		name string
+		path string
+	}{
+		{"stats", "/api/stats"},
+		{"nodes", "/api/nodes?limit=5"},
+		{"packets", "/api/packets?limit=5"},
+		{"packets_grouped", "/api/packets?limit=5&groupByHash=true"},
+		{"observers", "/api/observers"},
+		{"channels", "/api/channels"},
+		{"bulk_health", "/api/nodes/bulk-health"},
+		{"analytics_rf", "/api/analytics/rf?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_topology", "/api/analytics/topology?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_hash_sizes", "/api/analytics/hash-sizes?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_distance", "/api/analytics/distance?days=7"},
+		{"analytics_subpaths", "/api/analytics/subpaths?days=7"},
+	}
+
+	for _, ep := range endpoints {
+		t.Run("NullArrayCheck_"+ep.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			spec, ok := shapes[ep.name]
+			if !ok {
+				t.Skipf("no shape spec for %s", ep.name)
+			}
+
+			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", ep.path, nil)
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+			if w.Code != 200 {
+				t.Skipf("GET %s returned %d, skipping null-array check", ep.path, w.Code)
+			}
+
+			var body interface{}
+			json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
+
+			nullArrays := findNullArrays(body, spec, ep.path)
+			if len(nullArrays) > 0 {
+				t.Errorf("Go %s has null where [] expected:\n  %s\n"+
+					"Go nil slices marshal as null — initialize with make() or literal",
+					ep.path, strings.Join(nullArrays, "\n  "))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// findNullArrays walks JSON data alongside a shape spec and returns paths
+// where the spec says the field should be an array but Go returned null.
+func findNullArrays(actual interface{}, spec shapeSpec, path string) []string {
+	var nulls []string
+
+	switch spec.Type {
+	case "array":
+		if actual == nil {
+			nulls = append(nulls, fmt.Sprintf("%s: null (should be [])", path))
+		} else if arr, ok := actual.([]interface{}); ok && spec.ElementShape != nil {
+			for i, elem := range arr {
+				nulls = append(nulls, findNullArrays(elem, *spec.ElementShape, fmt.Sprintf("%s[%d]", path, i))...)
+			}
+		}
+	case "object":
+		obj, ok := actual.(map[string]interface{})
+		if !ok || obj == nil {
+			return nulls
+		}
+		if spec.Keys != nil {
+			for key, keySpec := range spec.Keys {
+				if val, exists := obj[key]; exists {
+					nulls = append(nulls, findNullArrays(val, keySpec, path+"."+key)...)
+				} else if keySpec.Type == "array" {
+					// Key missing entirely — also a null-array problem
+					nulls = append(nulls, fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s: missing (should be [])", path, key))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if spec.DynamicKeys && spec.ValueShape != nil {
+			for k, v := range obj {
+				nulls = append(nulls, findNullArrays(v, *spec.ValueShape, path+"."+k)...)
+				break // sample one
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nulls
+}
+
+// TestParityHealthEngine verifies Go health endpoint declares engine=go
+// while Node declares engine=node (or omits it). The Go server must always
+// identify itself.
+func TestParityHealthEngine(t *testing.T) {
+	_, router := setupTestServer(t)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/api/health", nil)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	var body map[string]interface{}
+	json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
+
+	engine, ok := body["engine"]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Error("health response missing 'engine' field (Go server must include engine=go)")
+	} else if engine != "go" {
+		t.Errorf("health engine=%v, expected 'go'", engine)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestValidateShapeFunction directly tests the shape validator itself.
+func TestValidateShapeFunction(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("string match", func(t *testing.T) {
+		errs := validateShape("hello", shapeSpec{Type: "string"}, "$.x")
+		if len(errs) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected errors: %v", errs)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("string mismatch", func(t *testing.T) {
+		errs := validateShape(42.0, shapeSpec{Type: "string"}, "$.x")
+		if len(errs) != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 1 error, got %d: %v", len(errs), errs)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("null array rejected", func(t *testing.T) {
+		errs := validateShape(nil, shapeSpec{Type: "array"}, "$.arr")
+		if len(errs) != 1 || !strings.Contains(errs[0], "null") {
+			t.Errorf("expected null-array error, got: %v", errs)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty array OK", func(t *testing.T) {
+		errs := validateShape([]interface{}{}, shapeSpec{Type: "array"}, "$.arr")
+		if len(errs) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected errors for empty array: %v", errs)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing object key", func(t *testing.T) {
+		spec := shapeSpec{Type: "object", Keys: map[string]shapeSpec{
+			"name": {Type: "string"},
+			"age":  {Type: "number"},
+		}}
+		obj := map[string]interface{}{"name": "test"}
+		errs := validateShape(obj, spec, "$.user")
+		if len(errs) != 1 || !strings.Contains(errs[0], "age") {
+			t.Errorf("expected missing age error, got: %v", errs)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nullable allows null", func(t *testing.T) {
+		errs := validateShape(nil, shapeSpec{Type: "nullable"}, "$.x")
+		if len(errs) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("nullable should accept null: %v", errs)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("dynamic keys validates value shape", func(t *testing.T) {
+		spec := shapeSpec{
+			Type:        "object",
+			DynamicKeys: true,
+			ValueShape:  &shapeSpec{Type: "number"},
+		}
+		obj := map[string]interface{}{"a": 1.0, "b": 2.0}
+		errs := validateShape(obj, spec, "$.dyn")
+		if len(errs) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected errors: %v", errs)
+		}
+	})
+}
--- a/cmd/server/store.go
+++ b/cmd/server/store.go
@@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewFromDB(sinceID, limit int) ([]map[string]interfac
 		}
 	}

-	// Build broadcast maps (same shape as Node.js WS broadcast), one per observation.
+	// Build broadcast maps (same shape as Node.js WS broadcast)
 	result := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(broadcastOrder))
 	for _, txID := range broadcastOrder {
 		tx := broadcastTxs[txID]
@@ -1055,34 +1055,32 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewFromDB(sinceID, limit int) ([]map[string]interfac
 				decoded["payload"] = payload
 			}
 		}
-		for _, obs := range tx.Observations {
-			// Build the nested packet object (packets.js checks m.data.packet)
-			pkt := map[string]interface{}{
-				"id":                tx.ID,
-				"raw_hex":           strOrNil(tx.RawHex),
-				"hash":              strOrNil(tx.Hash),
-				"first_seen":        strOrNil(tx.FirstSeen),
-				"timestamp":         strOrNil(tx.FirstSeen),
-				"route_type":        intPtrOrNil(tx.RouteType),
-				"payload_type":      intPtrOrNil(tx.PayloadType),
-				"decoded_json":      strOrNil(tx.DecodedJSON),
-				"observer_id":       strOrNil(obs.ObserverID),
-				"observer_name":     strOrNil(obs.ObserverName),
-				"snr":               floatPtrOrNil(obs.SNR),
-				"rssi":              floatPtrOrNil(obs.RSSI),
-				"path_json":         strOrNil(obs.PathJSON),
-				"direction":         strOrNil(obs.Direction),
-				"observation_count": tx.ObservationCount,
-			}
-			// Broadcast map: top-level fields for live.js + nested packet for packets.js
-			broadcastMap := make(map[string]interface{}, len(pkt)+2)
-			for k, v := range pkt {
-				broadcastMap[k] = v
-			}
-			broadcastMap["decoded"] = decoded
-			broadcastMap["packet"] = pkt
-			result = append(result, broadcastMap)
+		// Build the nested packet object (packets.js checks m.data.packet)
+		pkt := map[string]interface{}{
+			"id":                tx.ID,
+			"raw_hex":           strOrNil(tx.RawHex),
+			"hash":              strOrNil(tx.Hash),
+			"first_seen":        strOrNil(tx.FirstSeen),
+			"timestamp":         strOrNil(tx.FirstSeen),
+			"route_type":        intPtrOrNil(tx.RouteType),
+			"payload_type":      intPtrOrNil(tx.PayloadType),
+			"decoded_json":      strOrNil(tx.DecodedJSON),
+			"observer_id":       strOrNil(tx.ObserverID),
+			"observer_name":     strOrNil(tx.ObserverName),
+			"snr":               floatPtrOrNil(tx.SNR),
+			"rssi":              floatPtrOrNil(tx.RSSI),
+			"path_json":         strOrNil(tx.PathJSON),
+			"direction":         strOrNil(tx.Direction),
+			"observation_count": tx.ObservationCount,
 		}
+		// Broadcast map: top-level fields for live.js + nested packet for packets.js
+		broadcastMap := make(map[string]interface{}, len(pkt)+2)
+		for k, v := range pkt {
+			broadcastMap[k] = v
+		}
+		broadcastMap["decoded"] = decoded
+		broadcastMap["packet"] = pkt
+		result = append(result, broadcastMap)
 	}

 	// Invalidate analytics caches since new data was ingested
@@ -1103,7 +1101,7 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewFromDB(sinceID, limit int) ([]map[string]interfac
 // IngestNewObservations loads new observations for transmissions already in the
 // store. This catches observations that arrive after IngestNewFromDB has already
 // advanced past the transmission's ID (fixes #174).
-func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewObservations(sinceObsID, limit int) []map[string]interface{} {
+func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewObservations(sinceObsID, limit int) int {
 	if limit <= 0 {
 		limit = 500
 	}
@@ -1129,7 +1127,7 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewObservations(sinceObsID, limit int) []map[string]
 	rows, err := s.db.conn.Query(querySQL, sinceObsID, limit)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("[store] ingest observations query error: %v", err)
-		return nil
+		return sinceObsID
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()

@@ -1172,16 +1170,20 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewObservations(sinceObsID, limit int) []map[string]
 	}

 	if len(obsRows) == 0 {
-		return nil
+		return sinceObsID
 	}

 	s.mu.Lock()
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()

+	newMaxObsID := sinceObsID
 	updatedTxs := make(map[int]*StoreTx)
-	broadcastMaps := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(obsRows))

 	for _, r := range obsRows {
+		if r.obsID > newMaxObsID {
+			newMaxObsID = r.obsID
+		}
+
 		// Already ingested (e.g. by IngestNewFromDB in same cycle)
 		if _, exists := s.byObsID[r.obsID]; exists {
 			continue
@@ -1224,43 +1226,6 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewObservations(sinceObsID, limit int) []map[string]
 		}
 		s.totalObs++
 		updatedTxs[r.txID] = tx
-
-		decoded := map[string]interface{}{
-			"header": map[string]interface{}{
-				"payloadTypeName": resolvePayloadTypeName(tx.PayloadType),
-			},
-		}
-		if tx.DecodedJSON != "" {
-			var payload map[string]interface{}
-			if json.Unmarshal([]byte(tx.DecodedJSON), &payload) == nil {
-				decoded["payload"] = payload
-			}
-		}
-
-		pkt := map[string]interface{}{
-			"id":                tx.ID,
-			"raw_hex":           strOrNil(tx.RawHex),
-			"hash":              strOrNil(tx.Hash),
-			"first_seen":        strOrNil(tx.FirstSeen),
-			"timestamp":         strOrNil(tx.FirstSeen),
-			"route_type":        intPtrOrNil(tx.RouteType),
-			"payload_type":      intPtrOrNil(tx.PayloadType),
-			"decoded_json":      strOrNil(tx.DecodedJSON),
-			"observer_id":       strOrNil(obs.ObserverID),
-			"observer_name":     strOrNil(obs.ObserverName),
-			"snr":               floatPtrOrNil(obs.SNR),
-			"rssi":              floatPtrOrNil(obs.RSSI),
-			"path_json":         strOrNil(obs.PathJSON),
-			"direction":         strOrNil(obs.Direction),
-			"observation_count": tx.ObservationCount,
-		}
-		broadcastMap := make(map[string]interface{}, len(pkt)+2)
-		for k, v := range pkt {
-			broadcastMap[k] = v
-		}
-		broadcastMap["decoded"] = decoded
-		broadcastMap["packet"] = pkt
-		broadcastMaps = append(broadcastMaps, broadcastMap)
 	}

 	// Re-pick best observation for updated transmissions and update subpath index
@@ -1315,7 +1280,7 @@ func (s *PacketStore) IngestNewObservations(sinceObsID, limit int) []map[string]
 		// analytics caches cleared; no per-cycle log to avoid stdout overhead
 	}

-	return broadcastMaps
+	return newMaxObsID
 }

 // MaxTransmissionID returns the highest transmission ID in the store.
--- a/cmd/server/websocket.go
+++ b/cmd/server/websocket.go
@@ -1,245 +1,229 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"log"
-	"net/http"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
-)
-
-var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
-	ReadBufferSize:  1024,
-	WriteBufferSize: 4096,
-	CheckOrigin:     func(r *http.Request) bool { return true },
-}
-
-// Hub manages WebSocket clients and broadcasts.
-type Hub struct {
-	mu      sync.RWMutex
-	clients map[*Client]bool
-}
-
-// Client is a single WebSocket connection.
-type Client struct {
-	conn *websocket.Conn
-	send chan []byte
-}
-
-func NewHub() *Hub {
-	return &Hub{
-		clients: make(map[*Client]bool),
-	}
-}
-
-func (h *Hub) ClientCount() int {
-	h.mu.RLock()
-	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
-	return len(h.clients)
-}
-
-func (h *Hub) Register(c *Client) {
-	h.mu.Lock()
-	h.clients[c] = true
-	h.mu.Unlock()
-	log.Printf("[ws] client connected (%d total)", h.ClientCount())
-}
-
-func (h *Hub) Unregister(c *Client) {
-	h.mu.Lock()
-	if _, ok := h.clients[c]; ok {
-		delete(h.clients, c)
-		close(c.send)
-	}
-	h.mu.Unlock()
-	log.Printf("[ws] client disconnected (%d total)", h.ClientCount())
-}
-
-// Broadcast sends a message to all connected clients.
-func (h *Hub) Broadcast(msg interface{}) {
-	data, err := json.Marshal(msg)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("[ws] marshal error: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-	h.mu.RLock()
-	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
-	for c := range h.clients {
-		select {
-		case c.send <- data:
-		default:
-			// Client buffer full — drop
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// ServeWS handles the WebSocket upgrade and runs the client.
-func (h *Hub) ServeWS(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("[ws] upgrade error: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	client := &Client{
-		conn: conn,
-		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
-	}
-	h.Register(client)
-
-	go client.writePump()
-	go client.readPump(h)
-}
-
-// wsOrStatic upgrades WebSocket requests at any path, serves static files otherwise.
-func wsOrStatic(hub *Hub, static http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if strings.EqualFold(r.Header.Get("Upgrade"), "websocket") {
-			hub.ServeWS(w, r)
-			return
-		}
-		static.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	})
-}
-
-func (c *Client) readPump(hub *Hub) {
-	defer func() {
-		hub.Unregister(c)
-		c.conn.Close()
-	}()
-	c.conn.SetReadLimit(512)
-	c.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(60 * time.Second))
-	c.conn.SetPongHandler(func(string) error {
-		c.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(60 * time.Second))
-		return nil
-	})
-	for {
-		_, _, err := c.conn.ReadMessage()
-		if err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *Client) writePump() {
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(30 * time.Second)
-	defer func() {
-		ticker.Stop()
-		c.conn.Close()
-	}()
-	for {
-		select {
-		case message, ok := <-c.send:
-			c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
-			if !ok {
-				c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.CloseMessage, []byte{})
-				return
-			}
-			if err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, message); err != nil {
-				return
-			}
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
-			if err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.PingMessage, nil); err != nil {
-				return
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// Poller watches for new transmissions in SQLite and broadcasts them.
-type Poller struct {
-	db       *DB
-	hub      *Hub
-	store    *PacketStore // optional: if set, new transmissions are ingested into memory
-	interval time.Duration
-	stop     chan struct{}
-}
-
-func NewPoller(db *DB, hub *Hub, interval time.Duration) *Poller {
-	return &Poller{db: db, hub: hub, interval: interval, stop: make(chan struct{})}
-}
-
-func (p *Poller) Start() {
-	lastID := p.db.GetMaxTransmissionID()
-	lastObsID := p.db.GetMaxObservationID()
-	log.Printf("[poller] starting from transmission ID %d, obs ID %d, interval %v", lastID, lastObsID, p.interval)
-
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(p.interval)
-	defer ticker.Stop()
-
-	for {
-		select {
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			if p.store != nil {
-				// Ingest new transmissions into in-memory store and broadcast
-				newTxs, newMax := p.store.IngestNewFromDB(lastID, 100)
-				if newMax > lastID {
-					lastID = newMax
-				}
-				// Ingest new observations for existing transmissions (fixes #174)
-				nextObsID := lastObsID
-				if err := p.db.conn.QueryRow(`
-					SELECT COALESCE(MAX(id), ?) FROM (
-						SELECT id FROM observations
-						WHERE id > ?
-						ORDER BY id ASC
-						LIMIT 500
-					)`, lastObsID, lastObsID).Scan(&nextObsID); err != nil {
-					nextObsID = lastObsID
-				}
-				newObs := p.store.IngestNewObservations(lastObsID, 500)
-				if nextObsID > lastObsID {
-					lastObsID = nextObsID
-				}
-				if len(newTxs) > 0 {
-					log.Printf("[broadcast] sending %d packets to %d clients (lastID now %d)", len(newTxs), p.hub.ClientCount(), lastID)
-				}
-				for _, tx := range newTxs {
-					p.hub.Broadcast(WSMessage{
-						Type: "packet",
-						Data: tx,
-					})
-				}
-				for _, obs := range newObs {
-					p.hub.Broadcast(WSMessage{
-						Type: "packet",
-						Data: obs,
-					})
-				}
-			} else {
-				// Fallback: direct DB query (used when store is nil, e.g. tests)
-				newTxs, err := p.db.GetNewTransmissionsSince(lastID, 100)
-				if err != nil {
-					log.Printf("[poller] error: %v", err)
-					continue
-				}
-				for _, tx := range newTxs {
-					id, _ := tx["id"].(int)
-					if id > lastID {
-						lastID = id
-					}
-					// Copy packet fields for the nested packet (avoids circular ref)
-					pkt := make(map[string]interface{}, len(tx))
-					for k, v := range tx {
-						pkt[k] = v
-					}
-					tx["packet"] = pkt
-					p.hub.Broadcast(WSMessage{
-						Type: "packet",
-						Data: tx,
-					})
-				}
-			}
-		case <-p.stop:
-			return
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (p *Poller) Stop() {
-	close(p.stop)
-}
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+)
+
+var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
+	ReadBufferSize:  1024,
+	WriteBufferSize: 4096,
+	CheckOrigin:     func(r *http.Request) bool { return true },
+}
+
+// Hub manages WebSocket clients and broadcasts.
+type Hub struct {
+	mu      sync.RWMutex
+	clients map[*Client]bool
+}
+
+// Client is a single WebSocket connection.
+type Client struct {
+	conn *websocket.Conn
+	send chan []byte
+}
+
+func NewHub() *Hub {
+	return &Hub{
+		clients: make(map[*Client]bool),
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *Hub) ClientCount() int {
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
+	return len(h.clients)
+}
+
+func (h *Hub) Register(c *Client) {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.clients[c] = true
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+	log.Printf("[ws] client connected (%d total)", h.ClientCount())
+}
+
+func (h *Hub) Unregister(c *Client) {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	if _, ok := h.clients[c]; ok {
+		delete(h.clients, c)
+		close(c.send)
+	}
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+	log.Printf("[ws] client disconnected (%d total)", h.ClientCount())
+}
+
+// Broadcast sends a message to all connected clients.
+func (h *Hub) Broadcast(msg interface{}) {
+	data, err := json.Marshal(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[ws] marshal error: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
+	for c := range h.clients {
+		select {
+		case c.send <- data:
+		default:
+			// Client buffer full — drop
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ServeWS handles the WebSocket upgrade and runs the client.
+func (h *Hub) ServeWS(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[ws] upgrade error: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	client := &Client{
+		conn: conn,
+		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
+	}
+	h.Register(client)
+
+	go client.writePump()
+	go client.readPump(h)
+}
+
+// wsOrStatic upgrades WebSocket requests at any path, serves static files otherwise.
+func wsOrStatic(hub *Hub, static http.Handler) http.Handler {
+	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if strings.EqualFold(r.Header.Get("Upgrade"), "websocket") {
+			hub.ServeWS(w, r)
+			return
+		}
+		static.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	})
+}
+
+func (c *Client) readPump(hub *Hub) {
+	defer func() {
+		hub.Unregister(c)
+		c.conn.Close()
+	}()
+	c.conn.SetReadLimit(512)
+	c.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(60 * time.Second))
+	c.conn.SetPongHandler(func(string) error {
+		c.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(60 * time.Second))
+		return nil
+	})
+	for {
+		_, _, err := c.conn.ReadMessage()
+		if err != nil {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Client) writePump() {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(30 * time.Second)
+	defer func() {
+		ticker.Stop()
+		c.conn.Close()
+	}()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case message, ok := <-c.send:
+			c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
+			if !ok {
+				c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.CloseMessage, []byte{})
+				return
+			}
+			if err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, message); err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
+			if err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.PingMessage, nil); err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Poller watches for new transmissions in SQLite and broadcasts them.
+type Poller struct {
+	db       *DB
+	hub      *Hub
+	store    *PacketStore // optional: if set, new transmissions are ingested into memory
+	interval time.Duration
+	stop     chan struct{}
+}
+
+func NewPoller(db *DB, hub *Hub, interval time.Duration) *Poller {
+	return &Poller{db: db, hub: hub, interval: interval, stop: make(chan struct{})}
+}
+
+func (p *Poller) Start() {
+	lastID := p.db.GetMaxTransmissionID()
+	lastObsID := p.db.GetMaxObservationID()
+	log.Printf("[poller] starting from transmission ID %d, obs ID %d, interval %v", lastID, lastObsID, p.interval)
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(p.interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			if p.store != nil {
+				// Ingest new transmissions into in-memory store and broadcast
+				newTxs, newMax := p.store.IngestNewFromDB(lastID, 100)
+				if newMax > lastID {
+					lastID = newMax
+				}
+				// Ingest new observations for existing transmissions (fixes #174)
+				newObsMax := p.store.IngestNewObservations(lastObsID, 500)
+				if newObsMax > lastObsID {
+					lastObsID = newObsMax
+				}
+				if len(newTxs) > 0 {
+					log.Printf("[broadcast] sending %d packets to %d clients (lastID now %d)", len(newTxs), p.hub.ClientCount(), lastID)
+				}
+				for _, tx := range newTxs {
+					p.hub.Broadcast(WSMessage{
+						Type: "packet",
+						Data: tx,
+					})
+				}
+			} else {
+				// Fallback: direct DB query (used when store is nil, e.g. tests)
+				newTxs, err := p.db.GetNewTransmissionsSince(lastID, 100)
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Printf("[poller] error: %v", err)
+					continue
+				}
+				for _, tx := range newTxs {
+					id, _ := tx["id"].(int)
+					if id > lastID {
+						lastID = id
+					}
+					// Copy packet fields for the nested packet (avoids circular ref)
+					pkt := make(map[string]interface{}, len(tx))
+					for k, v := range tx {
+						pkt[k] = v
+					}
+					tx["packet"] = pkt
+					p.hub.Broadcast(WSMessage{
+						Type: "packet",
+						Data: tx,
+					})
+				}
+			}
+		case <-p.stop:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Poller) Stop() {
+	close(p.stop)
+}
--- a/cmd/server/websocket_test.go
+++ b/cmd/server/websocket_test.go
@@ -1,415 +1,275 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"net/http"
-	"net/http/httptest"
-	"sort"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
-)
-
-func TestHubBroadcast(t *testing.T) {
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	if hub.ClientCount() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("expected 0 clients, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
-	}
-
-	// Create a test server with WebSocket endpoint
-	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		hub.ServeWS(w, r)
-	}))
-	defer srv.Close()
-
-	// Connect a WebSocket client
-	wsURL := "ws" + srv.URL[4:] // replace http with ws
-	conn, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dial error: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer conn.Close()
-
-	// Wait for registration
-	time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
-
-	if hub.ClientCount() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("expected 1 client, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
-	}
-
-	// Broadcast a message
-	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{
-		"type": "packet",
-		"data": map[string]interface{}{"id": 1, "hash": "test123"},
-	})
-
-	// Read the message
-	conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
-	_, msg, err := conn.ReadMessage()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("read error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(msg) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expected non-empty message")
-	}
-
-	// Disconnect
-	conn.Close()
-	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
-}
-
-func TestPollerCreation(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupTestDB(t)
-	defer db.Close()
-	seedTestData(t, db)
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	poller := NewPoller(db, hub, 100*time.Millisecond)
-	if poller == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected poller")
-	}
-
-	// Start and stop
-	go poller.Start()
-	time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
-	poller.Stop()
-}
-
-func TestHubMultipleClients(t *testing.T) {
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		hub.ServeWS(w, r)
-	}))
-	defer srv.Close()
-
-	wsURL := "ws" + srv.URL[4:]
-
-	// Connect two clients
-	conn1, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dial error: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer conn1.Close()
-
-	conn2, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("dial error: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer conn2.Close()
-
-	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
-
-	if hub.ClientCount() != 2 {
-		t.Errorf("expected 2 clients, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
-	}
-
-	// Broadcast and both should receive
-	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"type": "test", "data": "hello"})
-
-	conn1.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
-	_, msg1, err := conn1.ReadMessage()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("conn1 read error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(msg1) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expected non-empty message on conn1")
-	}
-
-	conn2.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
-	_, msg2, err := conn2.ReadMessage()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("conn2 read error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(msg2) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expected non-empty message on conn2")
-	}
-
-	// Disconnect one
-	conn1.Close()
-	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
-
-	// Remaining client should still work
-	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"type": "test2"})
-
-	conn2.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
-	_, msg3, err := conn2.ReadMessage()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("conn2 read error after disconnect: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(msg3) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expected non-empty message")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBroadcastFullBuffer(t *testing.T) {
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	// Create a client with tiny buffer (1)
-	client := &Client{
-		send: make(chan []byte, 1),
-	}
-	hub.mu.Lock()
-	hub.clients[client] = true
-	hub.mu.Unlock()
-
-	// Fill the buffer
-	client.send <- []byte("first")
-
-	// This broadcast should drop the message (buffer full)
-	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"type": "dropped"})
-
-	// Channel should still only have the first message
-	select {
-	case msg := <-client.send:
-		if string(msg) != "first" {
-			t.Errorf("expected 'first', got %s", string(msg))
-		}
-	default:
-		t.Error("expected message in channel")
-	}
-
-	// Clean up
-	hub.mu.Lock()
-	delete(hub.clients, client)
-	hub.mu.Unlock()
-}
-
-func TestBroadcastMarshalError(t *testing.T) {
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	// Marshal error: functions can't be marshaled to JSON
-	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"bad": func() {}})
-	// Should not panic — just log and return
-}
-
-func TestPollerBroadcastsNewData(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupTestDB(t)
-	defer db.Close()
-	seedTestData(t, db)
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	// Create a client to receive broadcasts
-	client := &Client{
-		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
-	}
-	hub.mu.Lock()
-	hub.clients[client] = true
-	hub.mu.Unlock()
-
-	poller := NewPoller(db, hub, 50*time.Millisecond)
-	go poller.Start()
-
-	// Insert new data to trigger broadcast
-	db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO transmissions (raw_hex, hash, first_seen, route_type, payload_type)
-		VALUES ('EEFF', 'newhash123456789', '2026-01-16T10:00:00Z', 1, 4)`)
-
-	time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
-	poller.Stop()
-
-	// Check if client received broadcast with packet field (fixes #162)
-	select {
-	case msg := <-client.send:
-		if len(msg) == 0 {
-			t.Error("expected non-empty broadcast message")
-		}
-		var parsed map[string]interface{}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(msg, &parsed); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("failed to parse broadcast: %v", err)
-		}
-		if parsed["type"] != "packet" {
-			t.Errorf("expected type=packet, got %v", parsed["type"])
-		}
-		data, ok := parsed["data"].(map[string]interface{})
-		if !ok {
-			t.Fatal("expected data to be an object")
-		}
-		// packets.js filters on m.data.packet — must exist
-		pkt, ok := data["packet"]
-		if !ok || pkt == nil {
-			t.Error("expected data.packet to exist (required by packets.js WS handler)")
-		}
-		pktMap, ok := pkt.(map[string]interface{})
-		if !ok {
-			t.Fatal("expected data.packet to be an object")
-		}
-		// Verify key fields exist in nested packet (timestamp required by packets.js)
-		for _, field := range []string{"id", "hash", "payload_type", "timestamp"} {
-			if _, exists := pktMap[field]; !exists {
-				t.Errorf("expected data.packet.%s to exist", field)
-			}
-		}
-	default:
-		// Might not have received due to timing
-	}
-
-	// Clean up
-	hub.mu.Lock()
-	delete(hub.clients, client)
-	hub.mu.Unlock()
-}
-
-func TestPollerBroadcastsMultipleObservations(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupTestDB(t)
-	defer db.Close()
-	seedTestData(t, db)
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	client := &Client{
-		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
-	}
-	hub.mu.Lock()
-	hub.clients[client] = true
-	hub.mu.Unlock()
-	defer func() {
-		hub.mu.Lock()
-		delete(hub.clients, client)
-		hub.mu.Unlock()
-	}()
-
-	poller := NewPoller(db, hub, 50*time.Millisecond)
-	store := NewPacketStore(db)
-	if err := store.Load(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("store load failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	poller.store = store
-	go poller.Start()
-	defer poller.Stop()
-
-	// Wait for poller to initialize its lastID/lastObsID cursors before
-	// inserting new data; otherwise the poller may snapshot a lastID that
-	// already includes the test data and never broadcast it.
-	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
-
-	now := time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
-	if _, err := db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO transmissions (raw_hex, hash, first_seen, route_type, payload_type, decoded_json)
-		VALUES ('FACE', 'starbursthash237a', ?, 1, 4, '{"pubKey":"aabbccdd11223344","type":"ADVERT"}')`, now); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("insert tx failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	var txID int
-	if err := db.conn.QueryRow(`SELECT id FROM transmissions WHERE hash='starbursthash237a'`).Scan(&txID); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("query tx id failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	ts := time.Now().Unix()
-	if _, err := db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO observations (transmission_id, observer_idx, snr, rssi, path_json, timestamp)
-		VALUES (?, 1, 14.0, -82, '["aa"]', ?),
-		       (?, 2, 10.5, -90, '["aa","bb"]', ?),
-		       (?, 1, 7.0, -96, '["aa","bb","cc"]', ?)`,
-		txID, ts, txID, ts+1, txID, ts+2); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("insert observations failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	deadline := time.After(2 * time.Second)
-	var dataMsgs []map[string]interface{}
-	for len(dataMsgs) < 3 {
-		select {
-		case raw := <-client.send:
-			var parsed map[string]interface{}
-			if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &parsed); err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("unmarshal ws msg failed: %v", err)
-			}
-			if parsed["type"] != "packet" {
-				continue
-			}
-			data, ok := parsed["data"].(map[string]interface{})
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-			if data["hash"] == "starbursthash237a" {
-				dataMsgs = append(dataMsgs, data)
-			}
-		case <-deadline:
-			t.Fatalf("timed out waiting for 3 observation broadcasts, got %d", len(dataMsgs))
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(dataMsgs) != 3 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected 3 messages, got %d", len(dataMsgs))
-	}
-
-	paths := make([]string, 0, 3)
-	observers := make(map[string]bool)
-	for _, m := range dataMsgs {
-		hash, _ := m["hash"].(string)
-		if hash != "starbursthash237a" {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected hash %q", hash)
-		}
-		p, _ := m["path_json"].(string)
-		paths = append(paths, p)
-		if oid, ok := m["observer_id"].(string); ok && oid != "" {
-			observers[oid] = true
-		}
-	}
-	sort.Strings(paths)
-	wantPaths := []string{`["aa","bb","cc"]`, `["aa","bb"]`, `["aa"]`}
-	sort.Strings(wantPaths)
-	for i := range wantPaths {
-		if paths[i] != wantPaths[i] {
-			t.Fatalf("path mismatch at %d: got %q want %q", i, paths[i], wantPaths[i])
-		}
-	}
-	if len(observers) < 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected observations from >=2 observers, got %d", len(observers))
-	}
-}
-
-func TestIngestNewObservationsBroadcast(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupTestDB(t)
-	defer db.Close()
-	seedTestData(t, db)
-	store := NewPacketStore(db)
-	if err := store.Load(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("store load failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	maxObs := db.GetMaxObservationID()
-	now := time.Now().Unix()
-	if _, err := db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO observations (transmission_id, observer_idx, snr, rssi, path_json, timestamp)
-		VALUES (1, 2, 6.0, -100, '["aa","zz"]', ?),
-		       (1, 1, 5.0, -101, '["aa","yy"]', ?)`, now, now+1); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("insert new observations failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	maps := store.IngestNewObservations(maxObs, 500)
-	if len(maps) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected 2 broadcast maps, got %d", len(maps))
-	}
-	for _, m := range maps {
-		if m["hash"] != "abc123def4567890" {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected hash in map: %v", m["hash"])
-		}
-		path, ok := m["path_json"].(string)
-		if !ok || path == "" {
-			t.Fatalf("missing path_json in map: %#v", m)
-		}
-		if _, ok := m["observer_id"]; !ok {
-			t.Fatalf("missing observer_id in map: %#v", m)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestHubRegisterUnregister(t *testing.T) {
-	hub := NewHub()
-
-	client := &Client{
-		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
-	}
-
-	hub.Register(client)
-	if hub.ClientCount() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("expected 1 client after register, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
-	}
-
-	hub.Unregister(client)
-	if hub.ClientCount() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("expected 0 clients after unregister, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
-	}
-
-	// Unregister again should be safe
-	hub.Unregister(client)
-	if hub.ClientCount() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("expected 0 clients, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
-	}
-}
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+)
+
+func TestHubBroadcast(t *testing.T) {
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	if hub.ClientCount() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 clients, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
+	}
+
+	// Create a test server with WebSocket endpoint
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		hub.ServeWS(w, r)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	// Connect a WebSocket client
+	wsURL := "ws" + srv.URL[4:] // replace http with ws
+	conn, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial error: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	// Wait for registration
+	time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if hub.ClientCount() != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 1 client, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
+	}
+
+	// Broadcast a message
+	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{
+		"type": "packet",
+		"data": map[string]interface{}{"id": 1, "hash": "test123"},
+	})
+
+	// Read the message
+	conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
+	_, msg, err := conn.ReadMessage()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(msg) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty message")
+	}
+
+	// Disconnect
+	conn.Close()
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+}
+
+func TestPollerCreation(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupTestDB(t)
+	defer db.Close()
+	seedTestData(t, db)
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	poller := NewPoller(db, hub, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	if poller == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected poller")
+	}
+
+	// Start and stop
+	go poller.Start()
+	time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+	poller.Stop()
+}
+
+func TestHubMultipleClients(t *testing.T) {
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		hub.ServeWS(w, r)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	wsURL := "ws" + srv.URL[4:]
+
+	// Connect two clients
+	conn1, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial error: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer conn1.Close()
+
+	conn2, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial error: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer conn2.Close()
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if hub.ClientCount() != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 clients, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
+	}
+
+	// Broadcast and both should receive
+	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"type": "test", "data": "hello"})
+
+	conn1.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
+	_, msg1, err := conn1.ReadMessage()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("conn1 read error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(msg1) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty message on conn1")
+	}
+
+	conn2.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
+	_, msg2, err := conn2.ReadMessage()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("conn2 read error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(msg2) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty message on conn2")
+	}
+
+	// Disconnect one
+	conn1.Close()
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	// Remaining client should still work
+	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"type": "test2"})
+
+	conn2.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
+	_, msg3, err := conn2.ReadMessage()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("conn2 read error after disconnect: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(msg3) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty message")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBroadcastFullBuffer(t *testing.T) {
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	// Create a client with tiny buffer (1)
+	client := &Client{
+		send: make(chan []byte, 1),
+	}
+	hub.mu.Lock()
+	hub.clients[client] = true
+	hub.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Fill the buffer
+	client.send <- []byte("first")
+
+	// This broadcast should drop the message (buffer full)
+	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"type": "dropped"})
+
+	// Channel should still only have the first message
+	select {
+	case msg := <-client.send:
+		if string(msg) != "first" {
+			t.Errorf("expected 'first', got %s", string(msg))
+		}
+	default:
+		t.Error("expected message in channel")
+	}
+
+	// Clean up
+	hub.mu.Lock()
+	delete(hub.clients, client)
+	hub.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func TestBroadcastMarshalError(t *testing.T) {
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	// Marshal error: functions can't be marshaled to JSON
+	hub.Broadcast(map[string]interface{}{"bad": func() {}})
+	// Should not panic — just log and return
+}
+
+func TestPollerBroadcastsNewData(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupTestDB(t)
+	defer db.Close()
+	seedTestData(t, db)
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	// Create a client to receive broadcasts
+	client := &Client{
+		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
+	}
+	hub.mu.Lock()
+	hub.clients[client] = true
+	hub.mu.Unlock()
+
+	poller := NewPoller(db, hub, 50*time.Millisecond)
+	go poller.Start()
+
+	// Insert new data to trigger broadcast
+	db.conn.Exec(`INSERT INTO transmissions (raw_hex, hash, first_seen, route_type, payload_type)
+		VALUES ('EEFF', 'newhash123456789', '2026-01-16T10:00:00Z', 1, 4)`)
+
+	time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+	poller.Stop()
+
+	// Check if client received broadcast with packet field (fixes #162)
+	select {
+	case msg := <-client.send:
+		if len(msg) == 0 {
+			t.Error("expected non-empty broadcast message")
+		}
+		var parsed map[string]interface{}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(msg, &parsed); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to parse broadcast: %v", err)
+		}
+		if parsed["type"] != "packet" {
+			t.Errorf("expected type=packet, got %v", parsed["type"])
+		}
+		data, ok := parsed["data"].(map[string]interface{})
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatal("expected data to be an object")
+		}
+		// packets.js filters on m.data.packet — must exist
+		pkt, ok := data["packet"]
+		if !ok || pkt == nil {
+			t.Error("expected data.packet to exist (required by packets.js WS handler)")
+		}
+		pktMap, ok := pkt.(map[string]interface{})
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatal("expected data.packet to be an object")
+		}
+		// Verify key fields exist in nested packet (timestamp required by packets.js)
+		for _, field := range []string{"id", "hash", "payload_type", "timestamp"} {
+			if _, exists := pktMap[field]; !exists {
+				t.Errorf("expected data.packet.%s to exist", field)
+			}
+		}
+	default:
+		// Might not have received due to timing
+	}
+
+	// Clean up
+	hub.mu.Lock()
+	delete(hub.clients, client)
+	hub.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func TestHubRegisterUnregister(t *testing.T) {
+	hub := NewHub()
+
+	client := &Client{
+		send: make(chan []byte, 256),
+	}
+
+	hub.Register(client)
+	if hub.ClientCount() != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 1 client after register, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
+	}
+
+	hub.Unregister(client)
+	if hub.ClientCount() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 clients after unregister, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
+	}
+
+	// Unregister again should be safe
+	hub.Unregister(client)
+	if hub.ClientCount() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 clients, got %d", hub.ClientCount())
+	}
+}
--- a/scripts/collect-frontend-coverage.js
+++ b/scripts/collect-frontend-coverage.js
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Home page — chooser...');
  // Clear localStorage to get chooser
-  await page.goto(BASE, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(BASE, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  await page.evaluate(() => localStorage.clear()).catch(() => {});
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/home`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/home`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // Click "I'm new"
  await safeClick('#chooseNew');
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {

  // Switch to experienced mode
  await page.evaluate(() => localStorage.clear()).catch(() => {});
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/home`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/home`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  await safeClick('#chooseExp');

  // Interact with experienced home page
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // NODES PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Nodes page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // Sort by EVERY column
  for (const col of ['name', 'public_key', 'role', 'last_seen', 'advert_count']) {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  try {
    const firstNodeKey = await page.$eval('#nodesBody tr td:nth-child(2)', el => el.textContent.trim());
    if (firstNodeKey) {
-      await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes/${firstNodeKey}`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+      await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes/${firstNodeKey}`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

      // Click tabs on detail page
      await clickAll('.tab-btn, [data-tab]', 10);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  try {
    const firstKey = await page.$eval('#nodesBody tr td:nth-child(2)', el => el.textContent.trim()).catch(() => null);
    if (firstKey) {
-      await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes/${firstKey}?scroll=paths`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+      await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes/${firstKey}?scroll=paths`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
    }
  } catch {}

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // PACKETS PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Packets page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/packets`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/packets`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // Open filter bar
  await safeClick('#filterToggleBtn');
@@ -285,13 +285,13 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  } catch {}

  // Navigate to specific packet by hash
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/packets/deadbeef`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/packets/deadbeef`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  // MAP PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Map page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/map`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/map`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // Toggle controls panel
  await safeClick('#mapControlsToggle');
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // ANALYTICS PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Analytics page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/analytics`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/analytics`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // Click EVERY analytics tab
  const analyticsTabs = ['overview', 'rf', 'topology', 'channels', 'hashsizes', 'collisions', 'subpaths', 'nodes', 'distance'];
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {

  // Deep-link to each analytics tab via URL
  for (const tab of analyticsTabs) {
-    await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/analytics?tab=${tab}`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+    await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/analytics?tab=${tab}`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  }

  // Region filter on analytics
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // CUSTOMIZE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Customizer...');
-  await page.goto(BASE, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(BASE, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  await safeClick('#customizeToggle');

  // Click EVERY customizer tab
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // CHANNELS PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Channels page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/channels`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/channels`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  // Click channel rows/items
  await clickAll('.channel-item, .channel-row, .channel-card', 3);
  await clickAll('table tbody tr', 3);
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  try {
    const channelHash = await page.$eval('table tbody tr td:first-child', el => el.textContent.trim()).catch(() => null);
    if (channelHash) {
-      await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/channels/${channelHash}`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+      await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/channels/${channelHash}`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
    }
  } catch {}

@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // LIVE PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Live page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/live`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/live`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // VCR controls
  await safeClick('#vcrPauseBtn');
@@ -603,14 +603,14 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // TRACES PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Traces page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/traces`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/traces`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  await clickAll('table tbody tr', 3);

  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  // OBSERVERS PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Observers page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/observers`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/observers`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  // Click observer rows
  const obsRows = await page.$$('table tbody tr, .observer-card, .observer-row');
  for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(obsRows.length, 3); i++) {
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  // PERF PAGE
  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
  console.log('  [coverage] Perf page...');
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/perf`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/perf`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
  await safeClick('#perfRefresh');
  await safeClick('#perfReset');

@@ -641,14 +641,14 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  console.log('  [coverage] App.js — router + global...');

  // Navigate to bad route to trigger error/404
-  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nonexistent-route`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+  await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nonexistent-route`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});

  // Navigate to every route via hash
  const allRoutes = ['home', 'nodes', 'packets', 'map', 'live', 'channels', 'traces', 'observers', 'analytics', 'perf'];
  for (const route of allRoutes) {
    try {
      await page.evaluate((r) => { location.hash = '#/' + r; }, route);
-      await page.waitForLoadState('networkidle').catch(() => {});
+      await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 200));
    } catch {}
  }

@@ -788,14 +788,14 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  console.log('  [coverage] Region filter...');
  try {
    // Open region filter on nodes page
-    await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+    await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/nodes`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
    await safeClick('#nodesRegionFilter');
    await clickAll('#nodesRegionFilter input[type="checkbox"]', 3);
  } catch {}

  // Region filter on packets
  try {
-    await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/packets`, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 15000 }).catch(() => {});
+    await page.goto(`${BASE}/#/packets`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 10000 }).catch(() => {});
    await safeClick('#packetsRegionFilter');
    await clickAll('#packetsRegionFilter input[type="checkbox"]', 3);
  } catch {}
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ async function collectCoverage() {
  for (const route of allRoutes) {
    try {
      await page.evaluate((r) => { location.hash = '#/' + r; }, route);
-      await page.waitForLoadState('networkidle').catch(() => {});
+      await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 200));
    } catch {}
  }

--- a/test-e2e-playwright.js
+++ b/test-e2e-playwright.js
@@ -909,6 +909,19 @@ async function run() {
    assert(hexDump, 'Hex dump should be visible after selecting a packet');
  });

+  // Extract frontend coverage if instrumented server is running
+  try {
+    const coverage = await page.evaluate(() => window.__coverage__);
+    if (coverage) {
+      const fs = require('fs');
+      const path = require('path');
+      const outDir = path.join(__dirname, '.nyc_output');
+      if (!fs.existsSync(outDir)) fs.mkdirSync(outDir, { recursive: true });
+      fs.writeFileSync(path.join(outDir, 'e2e-coverage.json'), JSON.stringify(coverage));
+      console.log(`Frontend coverage from E2E: ${Object.keys(coverage).length} files`);
+    }
+  } catch {}
+
  await browser.close();

  // Summary