NORTIC (Norwegian Ticketing Interoperable Concept) is the Norwegian
national public transport card, on DESFire since 2008 and specified by
Statens vegvesen, now Jernbanedirektoratet, in Handbok V821.
Decodes the card issuer header, file 0C of AID 578000. That file is
free to read, so the parser produces output on any Norwegian card
without key material: country code, format, choice bitmap, card serial
number, validity end date, application owner company, retailer
organisation and card key version.
The transport application, AID 578001, is listed by file with its role
and the key it needs, and any file that was read is dumped as hex. Its
field layouts are in Handbok V821 Del 18, which has no download link,
and every file needs read key 7, which is not public. Nothing there is
guessed at.
NORTIC is EN 1545 and packs fields most significant bit first, which is
the opposite of the RKF Type CL-1 layout in parserkf.c where RKF-0022
7.4.1 numbers bits from the least significant end. Reading a NORTIC
header the RKF way gives country code 144 instead of 578, so the self
test asserts that as a negative control.
Verified field by field against the published card issuer header, every
field matching its documented value, including the validity date 6938
decoding to 2015-12-31. 'hf mfdes view --selftest' runs the checks,
including a round trip through an encoder.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The RKF travel card (Resekortsföreningen i Norden) is the Nordic public
transport card, specified 2001-2002 on MIFARE Classic and deployed by
Västtrafik, SL Stockholm, Länstrafiken and the Danish Rejsekort.
Decodes the card issuer and support layers (CMI, TCCI, TCAS, TCDI) and
every application object the specification pins down: TCPU purse, TCEL
event log, TCDB, TCCP, TCST, and TCTI/TCCO through an identifier chain
walker covering all 18 data element groups. AID owners are named from
RKF-0019.
Three things the specification does not state, determined from 21 cards:
- RKF-0022 7.7.1 calls the block checksum 'standard CRC-8' without
naming the parameters. It is CRC-8/MIFARE-MAD, poly 0x1D init 0xC7,
which the tree already ships as CRC8Mad().
- The MAC trio is the final 24 bits of a MACed object. The RKF-0023
tables list Free (bits) as a trailing summary row, which reads as if
the authenticator follows a gap after the key identifier; it does
not. Measured on the fact that MACAlgorithmIdentifier must be 0:
TCST 42/42 against 15/42, TCCP 20/20 against 13/20.
- TCPU version 4 drops EndDate and moves Value to bit 16.
Cards reporting a version other than 2 are flagged, and a MAC algorithm
the specification does not define is reported as a layout failure rather
than printed as data.
MAC values are not verified. The master key is in RKF-0018, which was
never published. des_mac() is added to libpcrypto for when that changes,
with the FIPS 113 worked example as its test.
Verified against a Danish Rejsekort whose provenance notes give the
purchase timestamp, card number and balance; the parser reproduces all
three. 48 self test checks on 'hf mf view --selftest', no false
positives across 460 local dumps.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
iso14443a_select_cardEx() only rejected silence after RATS. A card that
answered with a 4 bit NAK came back as Demod.len == 1, was stored as a
one byte ATS and reported to the client as select status 1, meaning L4
activated. The client then sent GetVersion (90 60 00 00 00) as an I-block
to a card that never left ISO14443-3, and every caller ended with
'timeout while waiting for reply' / 'No tag detected or other tag
communication error (-4)'.
The bogus TL of 0x04 also made iso14a_set_ATS_times() look for a T0 and
read past the single received byte.
Check that the answer to RATS is a well formed ATS, TL plus the bytes TL
counts plus the two CRC bytes, before accepting it. Anything else returns
2, selected but ISO14443-3 only, so the card stays usable over the Classic
path instead of failing detection.
The client side 'try to request ATS even if the tag claims not to support
it' retry had the same hole and stored whatever came back in card.ats, so
guard all four copies of it the same way.
Reported on a clone with ATQA 0004 / SAK 28 that advertises ISO14443-4 it
does not implement. hf mf autopwn on it needed hf 14a config --rats skip
to get past detection; with this it takes the Classic path on its own.
Fixes#3659
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
restore refused UL-AES outright. The generic page plan assumes the last
four pages are cfg0/cfg1/PWD/PACK, which on UL-AES are the AES keys, so
the data loop walked over the lock page, both config pages and the key
lock bits at 0x2D. Give UL-AES its own plan: user memory 0x04..0x27,
and lock/cfg0/cfg1 behind -s. Key pages 0x30..0x37 are left alone, the
dump only ever carries AESKey0 and 0x34..0x37 read back as zeros.
info never printed the UL-AES config. ulaes_print_configuration() is
called with 0x29 but its first branch tested for 0x2C, so cfg0 and cfg1
fell through to the bare return and only the CMAC page showed up.
info also read page 0x34 as if it were an EV1 config page. That is the
UIDRetrKey. Genuine silicon NAKs the read, but a magic or simulated
card would have had its key printed as cfg0/cfg1/PWD/PACK.
Tested on a UL-AES with AUTH0=4, PROT set and secure messaging on.
Restore of an unmodified dump comes back byte identical; a dump carrying
DEADBEEF at 0x27 and CAFEBABE at 0x2B writes 0x27 and leaves 0x2B alone.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Transcode the MinGW client's CP850 output before writing command documentation and force Python to read the converted stream as UTF-8. Normalize the remaining escaped Greek mu strings to the project's micro sign convention.
Co-Authored-By: OpenAI Codex <noreply@openai.com>
print_iclass_sio_decoded() silently dropped any TLV tag it did not
explicitly handle. Real credentials (e.g. SR) carry context tags such as
[5]/[9] that were therefore invisible in the Insights output, even though
the raw block dump and the --verbose ASN1 view showed them.
Print unhandled tags as 'Unknown tag 0xNN : <hex>' so the human-readable
Insights view is lossless. No semantic guessing is done; --verbose still
provides the full ASN1 TLV.
MSYS2 git fails with
C:\ProxSpace\msys2\usr\bin\git.exe rev-parse refs/tags/v4.23346^{commit}
Error: fatal: ambiguous argument 'refs/tags/v4.23346^commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tr
GitHub's windows-latest hosted runner images ship with Git, so let's use it
The warnings are false-positive: resp.data is a union of uint8_t asBytes[] and uint32_t asDwords[], so the buffer is actually 4-byte aligned — but casting uint8_t* directly to a stricter-aligned struct pointer trips -Wcast-align. Fix by routing through (const void *)
Add bidirectional conversion between DFC v4 credentials and mfdes v1 JSON, with documentation and round-trip coverage. Include H10301 FC69 CN420 factory and field fixtures and an external HID reader test target.
Co-Authored-By: GPT-Daybreak Blue <noreply@openai.com>
Exclude the USB test dispatcher and queued-random support from normal firmware builds. Enable them with ENABLE_HFMFDESETEST=1 when running emulator vectors.
Co-Authored-By: GPT-Daybreak Blue <noreply@openai.com>
Recognize interindustry SELECT APDUs by DF name or file identifier and return card-compatible status words.
Co-Authored-By: GPT-Daybreak Blue <noreply@openai.com>
Constrain activation to supported bit rates, ignore invalid polling and frames, and follow independent ISO-DEP block sequences during recovery.
Co-Authored-By: GPT-Daybreak Blue <noreply@openai.com>
A session opened with 0x0A kept the EV1 secure messaging: an 8 byte CMAC
on every answer, CRC32 in enciphered transfers and ChangeKey, one CBC
chain across commands. The legacy session is different in every one of
those: nothing on a plain answer, a 4 byte DES MAC over the data alone on
MACed transfers, CRC16 over the data in enciphered transfers and in the
ChangeKey cryptogram, the reader's cryptograms undone by enciphering, and
every cryptogram from a zero IV.
The session remembers which authentication opened it and the four places
that secure or check a transfer take the legacy path when it was 0x0A:
the write gatherer's expected length, the command unwrap, the answer
wrapping, and ChangeKey. Chained answers carry the transfer's mode so a
MACed read puts its MAC on the last frame only.
Measured against a genuine DESFire EV1 4K with the pm3 as reader, all
zero and non-zero DES keys, writes and reads in all three modes and a
ChangeKey of another key: the simulation answers every frame with the
card's bytes.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 (claude-fable-5-1) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The second frame of a 0x0A handshake was handled like 0x1A: the reader
token was deciphered in CBC with the IV chained from E(RndB), and RndA'
was enciphered with the IV chained from the token. A card starts each
legacy cryptogram from a zero IV and only ever enciphers, so it recovers
the token by enciphering each block and xoring the previous ciphertext
block.
The wrong IV only touches the token's first block, so RndB' still
verified and the simulation reported success with RndA off by E(RndB).
Session key and final frame were wrong from there, which is where the
D40 secure messaging captures started to disagree.
Measured against a genuine DESFire EV1 4K: the card's final frame is the
same across sessions with different RndB, which only a zero IV gives,
and the simulation's old answer matched the chained-IV arithmetic byte
for byte. Both handshake captures now replay through the simulation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 (claude-fable-5-1) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The regenerated `hf mfdes etest` object had been spliced inside the
`hf mfdes esave` object in doc/commands.json, so catalog consumers did
not see it. Moved by hand to its place among the commands, matching what
`make commands` produces for that entry.
Help and how-to said a recorded session replays byte for byte. It does
only when the queue is filled in draw order: the random UID takes 3 bytes
at --scan on a random-id image, then each authentication takes its RndB.
Say so.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 (claude-fable-5-1) <noreply@anthropic.com>
One command with one action per call: --begin, --scan, --apdu <hex>,
--random <hex>, --fieldoff, --state, --end. Text output by default,
-j gives one line of JSON per call for a script to read back.
Distinct failures are reported as such: no image in emulator memory,
not activated (--scan first), random queue full, and a firmware that
does not answer.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 (claude-fable-5-1) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The DESFire simulation could only be reached over the air. A conformance
suite that has recorded a genuine card's session needs to replay it byte
for byte, which takes two things the simulation did not have: a way in
over USB, and control of the card's random draws.
CMD_HF_DESFIRE_SIM_TEST carries one operation per packet into the same
state machine the RF loop drives: BEGIN, SCAN, APDU, RANDOM, FIELDOFF,
STATE, END. SCAN runs the RF-reset path (init, reset, random id, FSD) and
APDU goes through desfire_sim_apdu(), so native and ISO 7816 wrapped
commands answer exactly as they do on air. No FPGA involvement.
Randomness goes through a small host-fed byte queue: RndB and the random
id draw from it first and fall back to the existing fixed value or tick
counter when it is short, raising a sticky underflow flag. With nothing
queued the RF simulation is byte-identical to before; SimulateDesfireTag()
clears the queue so a host session cannot leak into a reader session.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 (claude-fable-5-1) <noreply@anthropic.com>
A transfer whose size is an exact multiple of the endpoint size ends with
a zero-length packet. Nothing acknowledged it, so that receive bank stayed
selected and data queued in the other bank stalled. A command already
buffered by usb_read_ng was also not recognised until another packet came
in. Both AT91 and AT32 reuse their receive cleanup to acknowledge the empty
packet and rearm reception; frame parsing is unchanged.
Seen as a small packet lost now and then right behind a burst of
CMD_HF_MIFARE_EML_MEMSET chunks from `hf mfdes eload`.
(cherry picked from cindersocket/proxmark3 495bc201d, upstream PR #3628)
Co-Authored-By: gpt-daybreak-blue <noreply@openai.com>
iceman1001